Whether incineration or mechanical biological treatment: in terms of legal regulations, municipal solid waste incineration and mechanical biological treatment are considered as equivalent pretreatment routes.
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Municipal Solid Waste Incineration
| Mechanical Biological Treatment | Reduction of waste by 90%
| Reduction of waste by 30%
| | Hygienic process | Microbial degradation processes give
rise to renewed contamination of output materials
| | No further landscape consumption necessary | Dumping is still necessary (complete
prohibition of dumping aimed at for 2020)
| | Works as pollutant sink | High calorific fraction still has to be incinerated
| | Substitution of fossil fuels by utilisation of energetic potential | Limited substitution of fossil fuels
| Slag end product is reaction-neutral
TOC* = 3 mass % | Output still reacts to a small extent
TOC = 18 mass %
| Avoidance of climate-damaging gases such as methane
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